Vol. 6, No 1, 2008 pp. 9 - 24
UDC 624.02:620.152.1:669.22(045)=111 

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X-RAY AND BACK-WALL ECHO ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION OF WROUGHT IRON BUILDING STRUCTURES
István Vidovszky, Jenő Kiss
Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Deparment of Construction Technology and Management, Hungary-1113 Budapest

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Abstract. The wrought iron building structures constituting part of the architectural heritage, e. g. handrails, gate hinges, columns, arch ties and wall ties represent incorporeal value, but operate as load bearing structures as well. There are few information on their mechanical properties and quality. Due to the inhomogeneity of the material of wrought iron building structures generated during the production, the known metal testing methods, as the tensile and hardness tests or metallographic examination, are not enough to survey the properties of such structures in depth. For the further and more accurate examinations, the application of X-ray and back-wall echo ultrasonic tests are essential. The goal of our paper is the presentation of the application of the examinations used extensively in the machine industry for the testing of wrought iron building structures.
Key words:  X-ray, Back-wall Echo, Iron Building

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X-ZRACI I POVRATNI EHO ULTRASONIČNOG ISPITIVANJA KONSTRUKCIJA ZGRADA IZVEDENIH SA GVOZDENIM OKOVIMA Gvozdeni okovi čine deo arhitektonskog nasleđa, u šta spadaju, ograde, šarke, stubovi, veze lukova i zidova, i predstavljaju neprocenjivu vrednost, ali takođe imaju funkciju nosećih elemenata. Imalo malo podataka o njihovim mehaničkim svojistvima i kvalitetu. Usled nehomogenosti matrijala u elementima od kovanog gvožđa do kojeg je došlo u toku proizvodnje, standardne metode ispitivanja metala kao što su testovi na istezanje i testovi čvrostoće, kao i metalografska ispitivanja nisu dovoljne za dubinsko ispitivanje ovih elemenata. Dalja i preciznija ispitivanja zahtevaju upotrebu X zraka i povratnog eha u te svrhe. Cilj ovog rada je prikaz primene ispitivanja koja se koriste u mašinogradnji za testiranje struktura i elemenata od kovanog gvožđa.