Vol.1, No 4, 1999 pp. 65 - 71
UDC 616.2
AIR POLLUTION AND RESPIRATORY
SYMPTOMS
IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Dragana Nikić
Institute for Public Health Niš, Braće Tasković 50, 18000 Niš, Yugoslavia
Abstract. A chohort study was carried out to determine impact of
outdoor and indoor air pollution on excces of respiratory symptoms. A total
of 663 preschool children (aged 1-7) from two areas with different levels
of common air pollutant (sulfur dioxide and black smoke) were staded.
Trained medical students interviewed parents at home and in kindergarten.The
standard WHO questionnaires was used. It inquired about respiratory symptoms
(cough, wheezing,phlegm) and respiratory illness (asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia),
indoor air pollution (heating in home and passive smoking). Respiratory
symptoms didn't show more common occurrence in preschool children living
in polluted area. Also indoor heating didn't affect respiratory tract significantly.
Passive smoking has significantly more influence on respiratory symptoms
among preschool children.
Present finding suggest that passive smoking may be a significant etiologic
factor in the occurrence of respiratory symptoms and illness. A clear effect
of exposure to high sulfur dioxide concentration during the life has not
been established.
AEROZAGADJENJE I RESPIRATORNI
SIMPTOMI
KOD DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA
U cilju procene uticaja ukupnog aerozagadjenja (spoljnjeg i unutrašnjeg)
na pojavu respiratornih simptoma kod dece predčkolskog uzrasta, radjena
je retrospektivna kohortna studija.Ukupno je ispitano 663 dece predškolskog
uzrasta starosti od jedne do sedam godina u stambenoj zoni grada Niša i
predgradju. Intervjue sa roditeljima radili su studenti Medicinskog fakulteta
posle obuke, u obdaništima i domovima ispitivane dece. Za ispitivanje je
korišćen upitnik Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. Ovaj upitnik sadrži
pitanja o respiratornim simptomima i preležanim bolestima, kao i o zagadjenju
vazduha u prostorijama (grejanju i pušenju roditelja).
Učestalost respiratornih simptoma nije pokazalo statistički značajnu
povezanost sa nivoom aerozagadjenja u delu grada u kome deca žive. Takodje
nije dokazana ni statistički značajna povezanost pojave respiratornih simptoma
sa loženjem u prostorijama, ali je izloženost pasivnom pušenju statistički
značajno uticalo na pojavu respiratornih simptoma kod dece.
Ovo istraživanje je pokazalo da pasivno pušenje može biti značajan
faktor u pojavi respiratornih simptoma i bolesti. Nije utvrdjena značajna
povezanost izmedju pojave respiratornih simptoma i izloženosti visokim
koncentracijama sumpor dioksida.
