Vol.1, No 4, 1999 pp. 45 - 50
UDC 613.644
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN MENTAL
PROCESSING UNDER QUIET AND NOISY LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Goran Belojević, Vesna Slepčević, Branko Jakovljević
Belgrade University School of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical
Ecology, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade
Abstract. A mental arithemetic task was applied on 17 medical students
(134 males and 4 females) under quiet (42 dB/A/Leq) and noisy
laboratory conditions (recorded traffic noise, 60 dB/A/Leq). Subjective
noise sensitivity (SNS) was assessed with the Weinstein's Noise Sensitivity
Scale. Personality traits of extro-intraversion and neuroticism were estimated
with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Concentration problems and
tredness during the experiments were neasured with ten-graded, self-rating
scales. There was no significant effect of noise on the accuracy
and speed of mental processing compared to quiet condition. Correlation
analysis revealed a significant negative influence of the level of neuroticism
on shollow mental processing in quiet (P < 0.05). Neuroticism also significantly
influenced the concentration problems (P < 0.01) and fatigue (P <
0.05) during performance in quiet, and fatigue only under noisy conditions
(P < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between the personality
traits of extraversion and SNS, and the performance on mental arithmetic
task.
Key words: subjective noise sensitivity, mental processing,
correlation analysis
INDIVIDUALNE RAZLIKE U MENTALNOM
PROCESIRANJU
U TIHIM I BUČNIM LABORATORIJSKIM USLOVIMA
Zadatak mentalne aritmetike primenjen je na 17 studenata medicine (13 muških
i 4 ženske), pod tihim (42 dB/A/Leq), i bučnim laboratorijskim uslovima
(snimljena saobraćajna buka, 60 dB/A/ Leg). Subjektivna osetljivost na
buku procenjena je Vajnštajnovom skalom osetljivosti na buku. Osobine ličnosti
ekstra-intravertivnost i neuroticizam procenjene su Ajsenkovim upitnikom
ličnosti. Problemi sa koncentracijom i umorom tokom eksperimenta mereni
su desetostepenom skalom samoprocene. Nije uočen značajan efekat buke na
tačnost i brzinu mentalnog procesiranja, u odnosu na tihe uslove. Korelaciona
analiza pokazala je da postoji značajan negativan uticaj neurotičnosti
na plitko mentalno procesiranje u tihim uslovima (P < 0.05). Stepen
neurotičnosti negativno je uticao i na probleme sa koncentracijom
(P < 0.01) i umorom (P < 0.05) tokom rada u tihim uslovima, i samo
na umor tokom rada u buci (P < 0.05). Nije uočena značajna korelacija
između osobina ličnosti ekstravertivnosti i subjektivne osetljivosti na
buku i uspeha u zadatku mentalne aritmetike.
