Vol.2, No 4, 2004 pp. 325 - 333
UDC 624.144
MULTIDISCIPLINAR ASPECTS
OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES
Jovica Jovanović, Mirjana Aranđelović, Milan Jovanović
Institute of Occupational Health Niš, Faculty of Medicine, University
of Niš
Braće Taskovića 50, 18 000 Niš, E mail: joca@medfak.ni.ac.yu
Abstract. Occupational accidents, work related injuries and fatalities
resulting from multiple causes, affect different segments of the working
population, and occur in a myriad of occupations and industrial settings.
Multiple factors and risks contribute to traumatic injuries, such as hazardous
exposures, workplace and process design, work organization and environment,
economics, and other social factors. With such a diversity of theories,
it will not be difficult to understand that there does not exist one single
theory that is considered right or correct and is universally accepted.
These theories are nonetheless necessary, but not sufficient, for developing
a frame of reference for understanding accident occurrences. Prevention
strategies are also varied, and multiple strategies may be applicable to
many settings, including engineering controls, protective equipment and
technologies, management commitment to and investment in safety, regulatory
controls, and education and training. Research needs are thus broad, and
the development and application of interventions involve many disciplines
and organizations.
Key Words: Occupational Accidents, Work Related Injury, Occupational
Hazards, Workers, Industry
MULTIDISCIPLINARNI ASPEKTI
NEZGODA I POVREDA NA RADU
Nezgode na poslu i njima izazvane povrede i smrt imaju mnogobrojne uzroke
i prusutne su kod velikog braja radnika različitih zanimanja i profesija.
Mnogobrojni faktori i rizici doprinose povredama na radu. Najčešće su to
profesionalne štetrnosti, uslovi na radnom mestu, tehnološki proces rada,
organizacioni, ekonomski i ostali socijalni faktori. Veliki je broj teorija
koje pokušavaju da objasne nastajanje nezgode i povrede na radu, ali još
uvek ne postoji jedinstveno tumačenje koje može da objasni nastajanje svake
povrede i nezgode. Različite su mere prevencije i one zavise pre svega
od radnog mesta. One podrazumevaju kontrolu radnih mesta od strane inženjera
zaštite na radu, preventivne mere, tehnološka rešenja i ulaganja u menađžment,
sigurnost, kontrolu rizika, edukaciju i trening. Istraživanja u ovoj oblasti
i primena rezultata ovih istraživanja u praksi zahtevaju multidisciplinarni
pristup.
Ključne reči: Nezgode na poslu, povreda na radu, profesionalne
štetnosti, radnici, industrija
