Vol. 10, No 4, Special Issue, 2012 pp. 339 - 346
UDC 796. 012.36 797. 21.4
Original research article
A COMPARISON OF KINEMATIC VARIABLES BETWEEN EUROPEAN ELITE, NATIONAL ELITE AND REGIONAL ELITE MALE 100M FREESTYLE SWIMMERS
Marko Đurović1,4, Igor Beretić2,4, Milivoj Dopsaj3,4, Milan Pešić5, Tomislav Okičić1
1Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Niš, Serbia
2Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia
3Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia
4Serbian Swimming Federation, Belgrade, Serbia
5Member of the City Council for Sport, Niš, Serbia
Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare kinematic characteristics of elite male swimmers i.e. to compare different groups of swimmers, participating in the 100m freestyle. The entire sample consisted of 24 swimmers divided into 3 groups of swimmers of different levels of performance: the European elite, Russian elite and Serbian elite. All of the races were recorded and analyzed with specialized software The Swim Watch Race Analyzer. The basic kinematic characteristics were calculated, including: the stroke index, stroke length, stroke rate, start dive length, start dive time, start dive velocity, turn dive length, turn dive time, turn dive velocity. In order to calculate the statistically significant difference for each variable between the groups, the one way ANOVA method and POST HOC (LSD) test were used. The results of this study have shown, that compared to the time on 100m freestyle, in competitive swimming there are different technical characteristics which determine the most successful swimmers compared to the less successful ones such as: the stroke length during 100m freestyle, with a particular emphasis on increasing differences in the fourth/last 25m of the race, stroke index, as a measure of specific stroke efficiency, with a particular emphasis on increasing differences in the third 25m of the race, start dive length and start dive velocity.
Key words: Stroke index, kinematical analysis, sprint swimming
KOMPARACIJA KINEMATIČKIH VARIJABLI IZMEĐU VRHUNSKIH EVROPSKIH, NACIONALNIH I REGIONALNIH PLIVAČA U DISCIPLINI 100M SLOBODNIM STILOM
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se uporede kinematičke karakteristike vrhunskih plivača, muškog pola, tj., d a se uporede različite grupe plivača, takmičara u disciplini 100m slobodnim stilom. Uzorak ispitanika sačinjavalo je 24 plivača podeljenih u tri grupe, različitih nivoa dostignuća sportskih rezultata: vrhunski evropski, vrhunski ruski i vrhunski srpski plivači. Sve trke su snimljene i upoređene korišćenjem specijalizovanog softvera The Swim Watch Race Analyzer. Izračunati su osnovni kinematički parametric: indeks zaveslaja, dužina zaveslaja, stopa zaveslaja, dužina startnog skoka u vodu, vreme startnog skoka u vodu, brzina startnog skoka u vodu, dužina okreta, vreme okreta, brzina okreta. U cilju utvrđivanja statistički značajne za svaku varijablu između grupa, korišćeni su metod one way ANOVA-e i POST HOC (LSD) test. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da u poređenju sa vremenom na 100m slobodnim stilom, u takmičarskom plivanju postoje različite tehničke karakteristike koje utvrđuju najuspešnije u odnosu na manje uspešne plivače: dužina zaveslaja tokom 100m slobodnim stilom, sa posebnim naglaskom na povećanje razlike u četvrtoj/poslednjoj 25m deonici trke, ineks zaveslaja, kao mera specifične efikasnosti zaveslaja, sa posebnim naglaskom na povećanje razlike u trećoj 25m deonici trke, dužina startnog skoka u vodu i brzina startnog skoka u vodu.
Ključne reči: indeks zaveslaja, kinematička analiza, sprintersko plivanje
