Vol. 10, No 4, Special Issue, 2012 pp. 277 - 287
UDC 796.015.52    796.8.86
Original research article

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BILATERAL ISOMETRIC FORCE-TIME AND RFD-TIME CURVE OF LEG EXTENSORS IN HIGH TRAINED SERBIAN MALE FENCERS
Marko Milić1, Jelena Ivanović2, Milivoj Dopsaj3
1Fencing Federation of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
2Republic Institute for Sport, Belgrade, Serbia
3University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia
Abstract. The primary aim of the study was to define the characteristics of the Force – time (F-t) and Rate of Force Development – time (RFD-t) curve of bilateral voluntary isometric muscle force of leg extensors in Serbian male fencers competing at the national and international level. The secondary aim of the study was to define the differences between the participants based on their competitive level. The sample consisted of twelve Serbian male fencers, who were divided into two different groups according to their competitive level (national N=8 and international level N=4). In order to assess the characteristics of the F-t isometric leg extensor force, tensiometric probes and the standardized seated leg press test were used. The measurement range was defined by 9 variables for the contractile characteristics of the leg extensor isometric muscle force – 1) the maximal force level – FmaxLEGEXTISO, 2) the time necessary to reach maximal force – tFmax LEGEXTISO 3) the indicator of the basic (general) level of rate of force development – RFDFmaxLEGEXTISO, 4) the indicator of the specific level of rate of force development – RFD50%LEGEXTISO, three indicators for evaluating the special level of explosive force development, i.e. leg extensor explosiveness, 5) measured at 250ms – RFD250msLEGEXTISO, 6) measured at 180ms – RFD180msLEGEXTISO, 7) measured at 100ms – RFD100msLEGEXTISO, 8) the indicator of achieved maximal level of Rate of Force Development – RFDmax, and 9) the time necessary to reach maximal level of Rate of Force Development – tRFDmax. The results of the multivariate statistical method (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no statistical significant difference between the observed variables among groups of national and international Serbian fencers. In the future, studies will observe female fencing athletes, different age groups, and also establish the relation among F-t and RFD-t variables with the competition performance of fencers.
Key words:  Isometric muscle force, rate of force development, leg extensors, fencing

ODLIKE BILATERALNE IZOMETRIJSKE KRIVE ODNOSA IZMEĐU SILE I VREMENA I RFD I VREMENA MIŠIĆA EKSTENZORA KOD VRHUNSKIH SRPSKIH MAČEVAOCA
Primarni cilj istraživanja je definisanje izometrijskih F-t i RFD-t karakteristika krive ekstenzora nogu srpskih mačevalaca koji su se takmičili na nacionalnom i internacionalnom nivou takmičenja. Sekundarni cilj istraživanja je definisanje razlika između ispitanika u zavisnosti od njihovog takmičarskog nivoa. Uzorak je sačinjavalo dvanaest mačevalaca muškog pola, podeljenih u dve različite grupe u zavisnosti od takmičarskog nivoa (nacionalni N=8 i internacionalni N=4). U cilju procene izometrijskih F-t karakteristika ekstenzora nogu, korišćena je standardizovana oprema, tenziometrijska sonda i standardizovan test, potisak nogama u sedećoj poziciji. Merni opseg je definisan na osnovu 9 varijabli u odnosu na kontraktilne karakteristike izometrijske sile ekstenzora nogu – 1) nivo ostvarene maksimalne sile – FmaxLEGEXTISO, 2) vreme neophodno za dostizanje maksimalne sile – tFmax LEGEXTISO, 3) opšti pokazatelj razvijenosti eksplozivne sile – RFDFmaxLEGEXTISO, 4) specifični pokazatelj razvijenosti eksplozivne sile – RFD50%LEGEXTISO, tri indikatora za procenu specijalnog nivoa razvijenosti eksplozivne sile tj. eksplozivnosti opružača nogu 5) izmeren na 250ms – RFD250msLEGEXTISO, 6) izmeren na 180ms – RFD180msLEGEXTISO, 7) izmeren na 100ms – RFD100msLEGEXTISO, 8) indikator ostvarenog nivoa maksimalne eksplozivne sile – RFDmax, i 9) vreme neophodno za dostizanje maksimalne eksplozivne sile. Rezultati multivarijantne statističke metode (MANOVA) i analize varijanse (ANOVA) su pokazali da nema statistički značajnih razlika između ispitivanih varijabli obe grupe srpskih mačevalaca nacionalnog i internacionalnog nivoa. Preporuka je da se u budućim istraživanjima testiraju i ženski takmičari, zatim različite uzrasne grupe, kao i da se uspostavi relacija ispitivanih F-t i RFD-t varijabli sa mačevalačkim takmičarskim dostignućima.
Ključne reči: izometrijska mišićna sila, eksplozivnost, opružači nogu, mačevanje