Vol. 9, No 2, 2011 pp. 203 - 212
UDC 796.011.5:178
Review article
THE MOTIVES FOR DOPING DRUG USE IN NONPROFESSIONAL ATHLETES AND METHODS OF PREVENTION
Petar Mitić, Dragan Radovanović
Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Serbia
Abstract.Doping is commonly associated with proffesional sport. Unfortunately, doping is not only used by athletes competing ’for medals,’ it is also common in various recreational sports activities. Studies carried out in different countries reveal the necessity of preventive action and the reduction of the incidence of doping drug use in this group of athletes. The clear identification of the motives in nonprofessional athletes for using these dangerous substances is the core of the problem and the sole adequate basis for developing operative preventive plans.
Results obtained from various relevant studies have been presented. They point out that the athlete’s morality, personality characteristics, reference groups and the individuals themselves play vital roles in the process of starting to use doping drugs. Based on these findings, authors propose a comprehensive plan for the prevention and reduction of the incidence for doping drug use among nonprofessional athletes. The plan is based on: informative-educative work on the effect of doping on health, optimal nutrition planning, supplementation planning, and individual training system planning, all in accordance with the personality features, sports discipline and goals that a recreational athlete sets for himself. It is also of vital importance to work on improving the psychosocial characteristics of an individual.
Key words: doping, nonprofessional sport, motivation, prevention
MOTIVI KORIŠĆENJA DOPINGA KOD NEPROFESIONALNIH SPORTISTA I METODE PREVENCIJE
Doping se najčešće povezuje sa profesionalnim bavljenjem sportom. Nažalost, doping ne koriste samo sportisti koji se takmiče "za medalje", već je prisutan i u različitim rekreativnim sportskim aktivnostima. U istraživanjima sprovedenim u više zemalja pokazuje se neophodnost preventivnog delovanja i smanjivanja incidence korišćenja dopinga kod ove, veoma brojne, kategorije sportista. Jasno prepoznavanje motiva zbog kojih sportisti, koji nisu profesionalci, koriste ove opasne preparate, jeste srž problema i jedina adekvatna osnova na kojoj se mogu graditi operativni preventivni planovi.
Prikazani su rezultati različitih referentnih istraživanja, koji ukazuju da su moralnost sportiste, karakteristike ličnosti, referentne grupe i pojedinci od presudnog značaja za početak korišćenja dopinga. Na osnovu ovakvih saznanja autori predlažu obuhvatni plan za prevenciju i smanjenje incidence korišćenja dopinga kod sportista koji se ne bave profesionalno sportom. Plan u osnovi sadrži: informativno-edukativni rad o uticaju dopinga na zdravlje, planiranje optimalne ishrane, suplementacije i individualnog sistema treninga u skladu sa karakteristikama osobe, sportskom disciplinom i željenim ciljevima koje neprofesionalni sportista ima. Neophodno je da se uz ove četiri faze radi na poboljšanju psiho-socijalnih karakteristika pojedinca.
Ključne reči: doping, neprofesionalni sport, motivacija, prevencija
