Vol. 6, No 1, 2008 pp. 11 - 20
UDC 796.41.85
Scientific Paper
THE INFLUENCE OF INTERMITTENT HYPOXIC TRAINING ON THE BODY OF AN ENDURANCE ATHLETE
Martin Pupiš, Ivan Čillík
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Humanities, Matej bel University in Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic
E-mail: Pupis@fhv.umb.sk
Abstract. In our research we monitored the influence of intermittent hypoxic training on the body of an athlete. We evaluated oxygen saturation of the blood during hypoxia, which ranged from 90% down to 75%, at the end of a three-week course. These results were also confirmed by the oxygen content in the inhaled air, which at the end of the period dropped down even below 9%, and that corresponded to a simulated altitude of about 7000 m. Spiroergometry revealed an increase in VO2max, from 4105 ml.min-1 to 4364 ml.min-1, VO2max.kg-1 from 65,4 ml.min-1.kg-1 to 69,9 ml.min-1.kg-1 and submaximum performance W170 from 3, 34 W to 3, 40 W. Maximum performance in the 3-km walk improved by 13.7 seconds, the submaximum performance in the 10-km walk improved by 1:42 minutes. The load in the 10-km walk performed at the level of the anaerobic threshold showed an improvement of 1:29 minutes. We did not find any significant changes in the haematological components; the values of haemoglobin and haematocrit remained almost unchanged. A mild increase was recorded in the medium erythrocyte volume, which increased from 96.8 fl to 98.2 fl, and in the iron-binding capacity, which increased from 52 µmol.l-1 to 58 µmol.l-1. As far as blood is concerned, we found an increase in the number of reticulocytes from 5.1000-1 to 7.1000-1, which amounts to 40%
Key words:  intermittent hypoxic training (IHT), maximum oxygen consumption, blood components, saturation, maximum performance
UTICAJ NEKONTINUIRANOG HIPOKSIČNOG TRENINGA NA ORGANIZAM DUGOPRUGAŠA
U ovom radu pratimo uticaj nekontinuiranog hipoksičnog treninga na organizam sportiste. Ispitivali smo zasićenje krvi kiseonikom za vreme hipoksije, koje se kretalo od 90% do 75% na kraju tronedeljnog perioda. Posledica toga je i koncentracija O2 u udisanom vazduhu, koja je na kraju iznosila 9%, što je posledica simulacije nadmorske visine od oko 7.000 m. Pri spiroergometriji smo zabelezili porast VO2max od 4.105 ml.min-1 na 4.364 ml.min-1 i VO2max.kg-1 i to od 65,4 ml.min-1.kg-1 na 69,9 ml.min-1.kg-1, porast submaksimalnog rezultata W170 od 3,34 W na 3,40 W. Maksimalni rezultat na 3 km se poboljšao za 13,7 s, submaksimalni rezultat na 10 km se poboljšao za 1:42 min, a pri naporima na nivou aerobnog praga došlo je do poboljšanja rezultata na stazi od 10km za 1:29 min. Analize krvnih elemenata ne pokazuju značajne promene, pri čemu su vrednosti hemoglobina i hematokrita ostale nepromenjene. Promene smo primetili kod srednjeg obima eritrocita, koji se povećao od 96,8 fl na 98,2 fl, kao i kod vezivnog kapaciteta gvožđa od 52 µmol.l-1 na 58 µmol.l-1. Primećujemo i porast broja retikulocita od 5.1000-1 na 7.1000-1, što je povećanje za 40%.
Ključne reči: nekontinuirani hipoksični trening, maksimalna potrošnja kiseonika, krvi.