Vol. 4, No 1, 2006 pp. 9 - 16
UDC 796.012 : 612.72-002
Scientific Paper
GAIT PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS WITH
OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINT
Zoltán Bejek1, Róbert Paróczai2,
Árpád Illyés1,
László Kocsis2, Rita M. Kiss3
1Semmelweis
University, Department of Orthopaedics, Budapest, Hungary
2Department of Applied Mechanics,
Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
3Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research
Group of Structures, Budapest, Hungary
E-mail: kiss@vbt.bme.hu
Abstract. It is difficult to identify objective parameters for
assessing joint function when evaluating the outcome of orthopaedic
procedures, especially endoprosthetic replacement. Spatial and temporal
parameters of gait have clinical relevance in the assessment of motor
pathologies, particularly in orthopaedics. The objective of this study
is to compare gait patterns in patients with unilateral osteoarthritis
of the knee joint to the gait pattern of healthy control subjects. A
total of 20 patients with severe unilateral osteoarthritis of the knee
and 20 healthy elderly subjects without any history of lower extremity
joint pathology were investigated at constant gait speeds (two km/h).
The gait analysis equipment used consisted of an infinitely adjustable
force-instrumented treadmill and an ultrasound-based motion analyzer
system with electromyography. Our findings indicate that changes in
gait parameters may occur in patients with unilateral osteoarthritis of
the knee joint as compared to the gait pattern of healthy control
subjects. Knee joint degeneration was compensated for in part by the
pelvis and other joints in the lower limb. Reduced motion of the knee
joint leads to increased pelvic motion, which should affect the natural
mobility of the lumbar spine and cause pain in the lumbar region of the
spine due to kinematic interaction.
Key words: Biomechanics, gait analysis, osteoarthritis,
knee
PARAMETRI HODA KOD PACIJENATA SA
OSTEOARTRITISOM ZGLOBA KOLENA
Teško je odrediti objektivne parametre za procenu funkcije
pokretljivosti zglobova kada ocenjujemo rezultate ortopedskih
procedura, naročito endoprostetičkih zamena. Spacijalni i temporalni
parametri načina hoda imaju kliničku relevantnost u proceni patologije
motoričkog aparata, naročito u ortopediji.
Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se izvrši komparacija načina hoda kod
pacijenata sa unilateralnim osteoartritisom zgloba kolena i kod zdravih
ispitanika. Uzorak je činilo 20 pacijenata sa ozbiljnim ostećenjima
–unilateralnim osteoartritisom kolena i 20 zdravih starijih ispitanika
bez ikakve istorije bolesti donjih ekstremiteta, a ispitavan je hod pri
brzini od 2 km/h. Aparatura koja je korišćena sastojala se od podešive
staze za šetanje sa instrumentima za merenje sile i ultrazvučnog
analizatora kretanja sa elektromiografijom.
Rezultati pokazuju da se promene u načinu hodanja mogu javiti kod
pacijenata sa unilateralnim osteortritisom zgloba kolena ako se porede
sa obrascima hoda zdravih kontrolnih ispitanika. Degeneracija zgloba
kolena se kompenzira delimično većom pokretljivošću karlice i ostalih
zglobova donjeg ekstremiteta. Smanjena pokretljivost zgloba kolena
uslovljava povećanu pokretljivost pelvisa što utiče na prirodnu
sposobnost kičmene moždine i što izaziva bolove u lumbalnoj regiji
kičme zbog kinematičke interakcije.
Ključne reči: biomehanika, analiza hoda, osteoartritis, koleno
