Vol. 2, No 1, 2004 pp. 45 - 59
UDC 796.012: 591.513
Scientific Paper
MOTOR LEARNING IN SPORT
Milan Čoh1, Dragana
Jovanović-Golubović2,
Milovan Bratić2
1Faculty of Sport, University of
Ljubljana,
Ljubljana, Slovenia
E-mail: milan.coh@sp.uni-lj.si
2Faculty of Physical Education,
University
of Niš, Niš, Serbia and Montenegro
Abstract. Motor learning is characterised by specific features
and
it incorporates laws that have to be observed throughout the various
manifestations
of an athlete�s motor activity. It is the process of acquiring,
completing
and using motor information, knowledge, experience and motor programs.
Performing a certain movement is only possible if a suitable motor
programme
for it exists. The motor process starts with a definition of the
desired
result and consists of three interconnected phases: the phase of basic
movement coordination, the phase of accurate movement coordination and
the phase of movement coordination stabilisation under changeable and
difficult
circumstances. A precondition for efficient motor learning is an
optimally
accurate notion of movement which is based on the visual followed by
the
kinesthetic processing of information.
Key words: motor learning, learning phases, motor
programmes,
motor memory, movement scheme.
MOTORIČKO UČENJE U SPORTU
Motoričko učenje ima specifični značaj i zakonitosti, koje moramo
poštovati
u raznim pojavnim oblicima motoričke aktivnosti sportiste. To je
process
usvajanja, upotpunjavanja i upotrebe motoričkih informacija, znanja,
iskustva
i motoričkih programa. Pokrete je moguće izvesti kada za njih postoji
odgovarajući
motorički program. Proces kretanja počinje određivanjem poželjnog
rezultata
pokreta i proizilazi u tri međusobno povezane faze: Faza osnovne
koordinacije
pokreta, faza precizne koordinacije pokreta i faza stabilizacije
pokreta
u promenljivim i otežanim okolnostima. Preduslov uspešnog motoričkog
učenja
je precizno izvedeni pokret, koji je ustaljen na vizuelnom i samim tim
na kinestetičkom procesiranju informacija.
Ključne reči: motoričko učenje, motorički programi, motoričko
pamćenje, shema pokreta.
