Vol.1, No 8, 2001 pp. 25 - 35
UDC 796.012 796.034-056.26
Scientific Paper
KINEMATIC AND KINETIC ANALYSES OF GAIT
PATTERNS
IN HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS
Mónika Horváth, Tekla Tihanyi, József Tihanyi
Semmelweis University-Faculty of Physical Education and Sport
Sciences,
Department of Biomechanics, Budapest, Hungary
E-mail: tihanyi@mail.hupe.hu
Abstract. As lack of standardization in the visual and computerized
gait analyses different kinetic and kinematic gait analysis methods have
been developed. The goal of this study was to further investigate the individually
characteristics biomechanical deficits of hemiparetic gait pattern and
the resulting compensations that compromise walking. The stance phase was
more closely examined by the means of a force plate system and a motion
analysis system. Data were obtained for both the affected and unaffected
leg of 11 (9 males, 2 females) hemiplegic patients. We found that the shorter
stance phase time for the affected side is related to the deficient ability
to load and transfer weight through their affected leg. Significantly increased
rate of force development was found during foot flat on the affected side
while toe off was characterized by markedly lower force development. The
impaired range of motion on the hemiplegic side was also leading to compensatory
mechanism of the unaffected limb resulting abnormal movement of the ankle,
knee and hip joints both the affected and unaffected side. Since during
the analysis different patterns were separated and identified, it has become
apparent that optimal treatment protocols for each pattern type should
be developed.
Key words: hemiplegia, quantitative gait analysis, ground reaction
force, range of motion
KINEMATIČKE I KINETIČKE METODE ANALIZE
HODA
KOD HEMIPLEGIČNIH PACIJENATA
U nedostatku standardizacije u vizuelnoj i kompjuterizovanoj analizi hoda
razvijene su različite kinetičke i kinematičke metode analize hoda. Cilj
ove studije je da dalje istražuje individualne karakteristike biomehaničkih
nedostataka hemiparetičnog modela hoda i kompenzacionog kompromisnog hoda.
Faze položaja tela su bliže ispitane pomoću sistema sile metalnih pločica
i analizom sistema kretanja. Podaci su prikupljeni proučavanjem neprirodne
i prirodne noge 11 hemiplegičnih pacijenata (9 muškaraca i 2 žene). Otkrili
smo da je kraće vreme faze položaja tela neprirodne noge vezano sa nedostatkom
sposobnosti da se optereti i prenese težina na neprirodnu nogu. Stepen
razvoja sile je značano povećan dok je stopalo ugrožene strane bilo ravno,
a palac je okarakterisan sa znatno manjim razvojem sile. Oslabljeni stepen
kretanja na hemiplegičnog strani je vodeći u kompenzatornom mehanizmu neprirodne
noge, za rezultat ima abnormalni pokret članka, kolena i kuka - kako neprirodne,
tako i prirodne strane. Pošto su se tokom analize različiti modeli izdvojili
i identifikovali, postalo je očigledno da za svaki tip modela trebaju biti
razvijeni optimalni protokoli tretmana.
Ključne reči: hemiplegija, kvantitativna analiza hoda, reakcija
sile teže, stepen pokreta.
