Vol.1, No 7, 2000 pp. 39 - 48
UDC 613.71/.72
Scientific Paper
DETERMINING DIFFERENCES IN POSTURAL, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND KINESICS AREA
AT THE BEGINNING AND THE END OF A SCHOOL YEAR
Saša Milenković
Faculty of Physical Culture, University of Niš, Serbia and Montenegro
E-mail: sasa.m@infosky.net
Abstract. The study sample consisted of 149 third grade pupils of a primary school, 76 boys and 73 girls. An impaired bodily state (postural disturbances) is present with a great number of school boys and girls, that has been ascertained by numerous research studies of both our and foreign authors. The subject of this study refers to determining differences in postural, anthropometric, and kinesics area with 149 third grade pupils of the primary school "D.J. Stanko", at the beginning and the end of a school year. In the postural area, there were follow-up changes in the spinal cord in the frontal plane (scoliosis) and the instep arch of the foot (flatfoot). The research problem indicated the possibilities of organising a section of corrective gymnastics and tennis school in the school (physical education gym). The basic goal of this research implies establishing and evaluating bodily state (scoliosis, flat foot), anthropometric values and kinesics abilities, at the beginning and the end of a school year. The core objective of this research refers to establishing an activity-impact efficiency of a programmed corrective gymnastics workout and tennis training on the transformation of postura and, anthropometric features as well as kinesics abilities. Having the given results on the first (initial) and second (final) measuring carried out  twelve months later, we can present this report. After a canonical, discriminative analysis has been done, and a statistically significant difference between the measured groups has been established, we can point out, according to the pre-set goal, that the evaluated body state of the third class pupils of the primary school "D.J. Stanko", indicated that there was a high percentage of pupils with a scoliotic bad body posture and and the feature of the flat foot. The given values at the final measure, especially with the pupils of the experimental groups, showed that the programme contents of corrective gymnastics and tennis sections had influenced a  transformation of certain manifested variables. That is evident in the area of basic kinesics and anthropometrics area, and especially in the area of postural disturbances. Opening, organising and functioning of corrective gymnastics sections and tennis schools proved to be highly feasible and justifiable.
Key words:  postural area, anthropometric area, kinesics area, corrective gymnastics section, tennis school
UTVRĐIVANJE RAZLIKA U POSTURALNOM, ATROPOMETRIJSKOM I MOTORIČKOM PROSTORU
KOD UČENIKA III RAZREDA NA POČETKU I KRAJU ŠKOLSKE GODINE
Uzorak ispitaika u ovom radu su činili učenici i učenice III razreda osmogodišnje škole. Narušen telesni status (posturalni poremećaji), je prisutan kod velikog broja učenika i učenica, što je potvrđeno brojnim istraživanjima kako naših tako i inostranih autora. Predmet ovog istraživanja se odnosi na utvrđivanje razlika u posturalnom, antropometrijskom i motoričkom prostoru kod učenika III razreda osmogodišnje škole ''D.J. Stanko'', na početku i kraju školske godine. U posturalnom prostoru su praćene promene na kičmenom stubu u frontalnoj ravni (skolioza) i uzdužnom svodu stopala (ravno stopalo). Problem istraživanja se ogledao u mogućnosti organizovanja sekcija korektivne gimnastike i teniske škole u školskim uslovima (sala za fizičko vaspitanje). Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja podrazumeva utvrđivanje i ocenjivanje telesnog statusa (skolioza, ravno stopalo), antropometrijskih vrednosti i motoričkih sposobnosti, na početku i kraju školske godine. Suštinski cilj istraživanja se odnosi na utvrđivanje efikasnosti delovanja-uticaja programiranog vežbanja korektivne gimnastike i vežbanja tenisa na transformaciju posturalnih, antropometrijskih karakteristika i motoričkih sposobnosti. Nakon dobijenih rezultata na inicijalnom i finalnom merenju izvršenom nakon dvanaest meseci mogu se izneti sledeća zapažanja.
Kanoničkom diskriminativnom analizom utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između grupa ispitanika. Ocenjeni telesni status učenika III razreda osnovne škole ''D.J. Stanko'', ukazao je na visok procenat učenika sa skoliotično lošim držanjem tela i ravnim stopalom. Dobijene vrednosti na finalnom merenju posebno kod učenika eksperimentalnih grupa, ukazale su da su programski sadržaji sekcije korektivne gimnastike i teniske škole imali uticaj na transformaciju određenih manifestnih varijabli. To je evidentno u prostoru bazične motorike i antropometrijskom prostoru, a posebno u prostoru posturalnih poremećaja. Pokazalo se da je opravdano organizovanje i funkcionisanje sekcija korektivne gimnastike i teniske škole.
Ključne reči:  posturalni prostor, antropometrijski prostor, motorički prostor, sekcija korektivne gimnastike, teniska škola