Vol.1, No 7, 2000 pp. 15 - 22
UDC 796.21.12
Scientific Paper
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 50m -
FREESTYLE RESULTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF TETHERED
FORCES IN MALE SPRINT SWIMMERS:
A NEW APPROACH TO TETHERED SWIMMING TEST
Milivoj Dopsaj1, Ivica Matković2,
Ivan Zdravković3
1Special Physical Education, Police
Academy, Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro
2Department of Swimming, University
of Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro
3ProIng, Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro
E-mail: milivoj@eunet.yu
Abstract. This study tries to define the relationship between 50m
freestyle competition velocity in swimmers (criterion variable) on the
one hand, and basic mechanical characteristics of pulling force as Fmax
on the other, as well as impulse of force (ImpF) and rate of force developement
(RFD) measured by tethered swimming test (Tethswim) at maximal intesity
for 20 seconds (system of predictor variables). The sample consisted of
8 YU male freestyle sprinters, and the test was realised by a high-resolution
tensiometric dynamometer (100 kHz) and a PC hardware-software system (ProIng).
The recording of the realized pulling force yielded the averages of its
maximal value (avgFmax5 to 20), its increment (avgRFD5 to 20) and its impulse
(avgImpF5 to 20) for a single stroke in 5, 10, 15 and 20 s. The Backward
Elimination criterion was used in Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA). The
results of the MRA showed that the predictor system yielded a model structure
of the variables avgImpF5, avgImpF10 and avgImpF20 and avgRFD20 that explained
the criterion (V50comp) at a very high level of 96.4% of the common variance
(F = 259.76, p = 0.000). The results indicate that when Tethswim is used
in top sprinters, it seems more adequate to analyze/observe the values
of avgImpF and stroke RFD than Fmax. They are mechanical characteristics
and as such better describe sprinters' achievements.
Key words: tethered swimming, freestyle sprinters, pulling force,
model
POVEZANOST KARAKTERISTIKA SILE VUČE
MERENE PLIVANJEM U MESTU I REZULTATA NA 50
m KRAUL KOD PLIVAČA: NOVI ASPEKT TESTIRANJA
U istraživanju je pokušano da se definiše povezanost između rezultata na
50 m kraul stilom postignutog na takmičenju (kao kriterijske varijable)
i osnovnih mehaničkih karakteristika sile vuče kao što je maksimalna sila
(Fmax), impuls sile (ImpF) i gradijenta prirasta sile (RFD) procenjivanim
metodom plivanja u mestu (Tethswim) maksimalnim intenzitetom u trajanju
od 20 sekundi (sistem prediktorskih varijabli). Uzorak ispitanika se sastojao
od 8 YU plivača (3 reprezentativca) sprintera specijalizovanih za kraul
tehniku, dok je merenje izvršeno pomoću tenziometrijske sonde visoke razolucije
(100 kHz) i PC hardversko-softverskim (ProIng, Belgrade) sistemom. Iz zapisa
realizovane sile vuče u funkciji vremena izračunato je sledeće: prosečna
vrednost maksimalne sile vuče (avgFmax5 do avgFmax20), prirasta sile vuče
(avgRFD5 do avgRFD20) i impulsa sile vuče (avgImpF5 do avgImpF20) pojedinacnog
zaveslaja za 5, 10, 15 i 20 s. Statistička analiza je izvršena upotrebom
Multiple Regresione Analize (MRA) primenom kriterijuma eliminacije unazad
(Backward Elimination). MRA je pokazala da je iz sistema prediktora izdvojena
modelska struktura varijabli avgImpF5, avgImpF10 i avgImpF20 i avgRFD20
koja je objasnila kriterijum (V50comp) na vrlo visokom nivou od 96.4% zajedničke
varijanse (F = 259.76, p = 0.000) . Rezultati ukazuju da je u slučaju primene
testa plivanja u mestu kod vrhunskih plivača sprintera adekvatnije analizirati/posmatrati
postignute vrednosti avgImpF i RFD zaveslaja, nego Fmax, jer one kao mehaničke
karakteristike bolje opisuju rezultatsku sprintersku pripremljenost.
Ključne reči: plivanje u mestu, sprinteri krauleri, sila vuče,
modelovanje
