Vol 5, No 1, 2006 pp. 113-129
UDC 37.034(497.1) Ť18ť
MORAL VALUES TEACHING AND SERBIAN SCHOOL
IN THE XIX CENTURY
Natalija Jovanović
Faculty of Philosophy, Niš
jnata@filfak.ni.ac.yu
There are periods in the history of one nation which by its length do not exceed the scope of the decade they are appearing in; however, by its importance they mark centuries. Such a period was certainly the period of the Serbian Revolution, the period of restoration of the State of Serbia and the establishment of the Principality of Serbia.
Some important educational issues appeared in this period of the Serbian national history as an expression of both the historical events and the collective memory on one side, and as a result of the wakening of national consciousness and the program of the Serbian government, on the other side.
The liberation from the Turkish slavery and the establishment of the new national state together with further differentiation between people made the question of literacy more actual primarily for the members of the leading class.
It was the time of transition from the monastery teaching carried out through the Middle Ages to the modern secular education. There was a great difference between the old church type of schooling and the new secular one. New schools were not secular just because the masters (not priests) were secular, because secular subjects (science) were taught and secular textbooks (not religious books) were used, but because the goals of teaching were secular.
Key words: Moral, moral values teaching, school, education.
MORALNO VASPITANJE I ŠKOLSTVO
U SRBIJI U XIX VEKU
Postoje razdoblja u istoriji jednog naroda koja po trajanju ne prevazilaze decenijske okvire, ali po značaju obeležavaju vekove. Takvo razdoblje, svakako, čini i vreme srpske revolucije, vreme obnove srpske države i stvaranja Kneževine Srbije.
U ovom razdoblju srpske nacionalne istorije javljaju se značajni prosvetni sadržaji kao izraz istorijskih procesa i kolektivnog sećanja, na jednoj strani, a na drugoj, kao rezultat buđenja nacionalnog i državnog programa u Srbiji.
Oslobađanjem od turskog ropstva i izgradnjom nove nacionalne države, koja je praćena daljim unutrašnjim diferenciranjem, problem pismenosti postaje još aktuelniji, pre svega za rukovodeći sloj.
To je vreme kad se vrši odlučan prelaz sa srednjovekovne manastirske prosvete na modernu svetovnu prosvetu. Između starih crkvenih škola i novih svetovnih razlika je vrlo velika. Nove škole nisu svetovne samo zato što u njima rade svetovni učitelji (a ne crkvenjaci) i što se u njima predaju svetovne nauke i upotrebljavaju svetivne knjige (a ne crkvene), nego su takve i po ciljevima učenja.
Ključne reči: moral, moralno vaspitanje, škola, prosveta