Vol 2, No 10, 2003 pp. 777-788
UDC 140.8 Fihte :37.018

THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATION IN FICHTE'S PHILOSOPHY
Zoran Dimić
Vranje. Serbia and Montenegro
E-mail: dimazor@ptt.yu

Abstract. Fichte's comprehension of Education depends directly upon the way he understands philosophy and philosophising. The Primacy of Practical Reason is quite noticeable in his philosophy. First of all, Fichte is an orator, a teacher, a rhetorician and an educator. The idea of Man stands at the foundations of his entire philosophy and philosophising. The precise definition of Man enables a clear and fundamental definition of Education. According to Fichte, Man is a community being. If he strives to be Man, he must not be selfish and egoistic. The role of Scholar and Educator is of particular importance in this. The essence of each individual indeed lies outside himself, yet not in some kind of abstract metaphysics of ethics. It lies in other people and in the general spirit of the community to which Man is directed if he wants to fulfil himself as a being. Man's destiny is not metaphysics but politics.
Key words:  education, practical reason, man, politics, community, nation, educator, practical philosophy, ethics, duty, serving, addresses.

PROBLEM VASPITANJA U FIHTEOVOJ FILOZOFIJI
Fihteovo shvatanje vaspitanja neposredno zavisi od načina na koji on shvata filozofiju i filozofiranje. Primat praktičkog uma je svuda primetan u njegovoj filozofiji. Pre svega, Fihte je govornik, predavač, retoričar i vaspitač. U osnovi čitave njegove filozofije i načina filozofiranja stoji jedna ideja čoveka. Ovo čvrsto određenje čoveka omogućuje jasno i načelno određenje vaspitanja. Za Fihtea, čovek je biće zajednice. Ako teži tome da bude čovek, on ne sme biti sebičan i egoističan. Uloga naučnika i vaspitača je u tome posebno značajna. Suština svake individue doista leži izvan nje, ali ne u nekoj abstraktnoj metafizici morala, već u drugim ljudima i opštem duhu zajednice na koje je čovek upućen, ukoliko želi da ispuni sebe kao biće. Čovekova sudbina dakle, nije metafizika već politika.