Vol.4, No 1, 2006pp. 83 - 92
UDC 519.863:65.012.122
SCHEDULING OF BATCH OPERATIONS –
MODEL BASED OPTIMIZATION APPROACH
Branislav Stanković, Vukman Bakić
Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy, Institute of Nuclear
Sciences Vinca
PO Box 522, 11001 Belgrade
E-mail: bakicv@vin.bg.ac.yu
Abstract. The coordinated use of computers throughout the entire
spectrum of manufacturing and business operations has been growing during
the 1990s and is expected to continue during the 21st century. With the
continued increases in computing power and advances in telecommunications,
the use of optimization has expanded as well, including planning and scheduling.
General access to a common database and enterprise information are provided
to managers, engineers and operators so that optimum decisions can be made
and executed in a timely and efficient manner. One of the richest aspects
of life is our ability to shape our own destiny through the choices that
we make. We have to decide, over time, how best to allocate a scarce resource
(our time) amongst a number of competing demands. The outcome of each decision
that we take is uncertain and affects our situation and the options that
will be available to us in the future. Consciously or otherwise, we try
to make choices with the aim of achieving certain goals or in order to
maximize some measure of "utility" or "pleasure". Similar resource allocation
problems are found in a large number of industrial, financial and computing
settings. Here the parameters tend to be easier to quantify, in terms of
money or time for example. An optimal strategy for allocating the resource
is then deemed to be one that maximizes or minimizes some measure of performance.
It is problem of this nature that the study of scheduling seeks to address.
Key Words: Scheduling, Optimization, Model, Time, Batch Operations.
VREMENSKI RASPORED ŠARŽNIH OPERACIJA –
PRILAZ
ZASNOVAN NA MATEMATIČKOM MODELU I OPTIMIZACIJI
Koordinisana upotreba kompjutera kroz celokupni spektrum proizvodnih i
poslovnih operacija rasla je tokom devedesetih godina i očekuje se da će
se taj trend nastaviti tokom dvadeset prvog veka. Sa neprekidnim povećanjem
mogućnosti kompjutera i dostignućima u oblasti telekomunikacija, upotreba
optimizacije se širila, uključujući planiranje i određivanje vremenskog
rasporeda. Opšti pristup zajedničkim bazama podataka i informacijama dostupan
je menadžerima, inženjerima i operaterima, tako da se optimalne odluke
mogu doneti i izvršiti na pravovremen i efikasan način. Jedan od najznačajnijih
aspekata života je naša sposobnost da usmeravamo našu sudbinu kroz izbore
koje pravimo. Mi moramo da odlučimo tokom vremena kako najbolje da raspodelimo
oskudno sredstvo (naše vreme) između puno konkurentnih zahteva. Ishod svake
odluke koju donesemo je neizvestan i utiče na naš položaj i mogućnosti
koje će nam biti dostupne u budućnosti. Svesno ili drugačije, mi pokušavamo
da izaberemo sa namerom postizanja izvesnih ciljeva ili da bismo maksimizirali
neku meru "korisnog" ili "lepog". Slične probleme raspodele sredstava nalazimo
u velikom broju u industrijskom, finansijskom i kompjuterskom okruženju.
U ovim slučajevima parametri se lakše mogu predstaviti brojem, u vidu novca
ili vremena na primer. Optimalnom strategijom raspodele sredstava smatra
se ona koja maksimizira ili minimizira neku meru učinka. Problemom ove
prirode bavi se proučavanje vremenskog rasporeda.
Ključne reči: vremenski raspored, optimizacija, matematički
model, vreme, šaržne operacije
