Vol.4, No 1, 1997 pp. 51 - 56
UC 612.17
THE CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS AND DRIVERS
ABILITY
Jovica
Jovanović, Stevo Lukić
Institute for Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University
of Niš, Yugoslavia
Summary. The goal of this study is to establish the influence of
cardiovascular disorders on traffic accidents. 900 drivers were included
in this investigation. In this group there were 419 (46.5%) drivers suffering
from some cardiovascular disorders: hypertension (24.6%), rhythm disturbance
(13%), coronary heart disease (5.3%), and thrombangitis obliterans (3.5%).
In the group of professional drivers these diseases are more frequent than
in the amateur group. During a 4-year period we kept track of the traffic
behavior of 419 drivers with cardiovascular disorders (examination group)
and 150 healthy drivers (control group). We noted all traffic accidents
caused by theirs faults. The control and examination group were very similar
in other factors which could cause traffic accidents. We observed that
drivers from the examination group have caused traffic accidents more often
and have had a greater average number of traffic accidents than drivers
from the control group. Drivers from the examination group have had longer
reaction time to sound and visual stimulation. That could a account for
why these drivers have had accidents more often. The results of this study
suggest the necessity of better health selection of drivers, continuous
supervision of drivers and some addition to the Rule book of regulations
of the conditions which drivers must satisfy.
Key words: Cardiovascular disorders, traffic accidents
KARDIOVASKULARNA OBOLJENJA I VOZAČKA SPOSOBNOST
Kratak sadržaj. Cilj rada je utvrdjivanje prevalencije i uticaja
oboljenja kardiovaskularnog sitema na nastajanje saobraćajnih nezgoda.
Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 900 vozača. U ovoj grupi je utvrđeno da 419
(46.5%) vozača boluje od nekog oboljenja kardiovaskularnog sistema medju
kojima dominira arterijska hipertenzija (24.6%), poremećaji srčanog ritma
(13%), koronarna bolest (3.5%) i thrombangitis obliterans (3.5%). Ova oboljenja
su značajno češća kod vozača profesionalaca u odnosu na amatere. U toku
četvorogodišnjeg perioda praćeno je ponašanje 419 vozača sa oboljenjima
kardiovaskularnog sistema (ispitivana grupa) i 150 zdravih vozača (kontrolna
grupa) u saobraćaju pri čemu su evidentirane sve saobraćajne nezgode načinjene
krivicom ovih vozača. Ispitivana i kontrolna grupa su bile približno iste
po pitanju drugih faktora koji uticu na saobraćajne nesreće. Zapaženo je
da vozači ispitivane grupe statistički značajno češće izazivaju saobraćajne
nezgode i imaju značajno veći prosečan broj saobraćajnih nezgoda u odnosu
na vozače kontrolne grupe. Kod vozača ispitivane grupe utvrdjeno je i statistički
značajno duže vreme reakcije na akustične i vizuelne draži što može predstavljati
delimično objašnjenje za češću pojavu nezgoda kod ovih vozača.
Rezultati ovog rada nameću potrebu bolje zdravstvene selekcije vozačkog
kadra, stalno praćenje vozača u saobraćaju i dopunu Pravilnika o zdravstvenim
uslovima koje vozači moraju ispunjavati.
Ključne reči: Kardiovaskularna oboljenja, saobraćajne nesreće
