Vol.15, No 1, 2008 pp. 1 - 6
UC 616.314.16
MICROBIAL ETIOLOGY OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE
– MINI REVIEW
Ljiljana Kesic1, Jelena Milasin2,
Marija Igic3, Radmila Obradovic1
1Dental Clinic, Department of Oral
Medicine and Periodontology, Medical Faculty, University of Nis
2Institute of Biology and Human Genetics,
School of Dentistry, University of Belgrade
3Dental Clinic, Department of Pediatric
Dentistry, Medical Faculty, University of Nis
E-mail: kesic@bankerinter.net
Summary. The periodontal disease is a chronic, degenerative disease
which is localised on the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar
bone. The main etiological factor is oral biofilm with microorganisms.
The search for the pathogens of periodontal diseases has been underway
for more than 100 years, and continues up today. The currently recognized
key Gram negative periodontopathogens include: Porphyromonas gingivalis,
Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga species, Campylobacter rectus.All
bacteria in the periodontal pocket could damage periodontal tissues, and
good knowledge of these as well as an adequate treatment could be helpful
in treatment of this disease.A full understanding of the microbial factors,
their pathogenicity as well as host factors are of the essential importance
for pathogenesis of periodontal disease. In this way, it could be possible
to treat the periodontal patients adequately.
Key words: Periodontal disease,
microorganisms, Agreggatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis
MIKROBIOLOŠKA ETIOLOGIJA PARODONTOPATIJE
Kratak sadržaj: Parodontopatija predstavlja hroničnu, destruktivnu
bolest, koja zahvata čitav potporni aparat zuba (gingiva, cement, alveolarna
kost i periodoncijum). Glavni etiološki faktor u nastanku ovog oboljenja
je oralni biofilm sa mikroorganizmima. Poslednjih 100 godina istraživači
ispituju sastav mikrobiološke flore parodontalnog džepa. Do danas ključni
Gram negativni periodontopatogeni su: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella
intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga species, Campylobacter rectus.
Sve prisutne bakterije u parodontalnom džepu mogu oštetiti parodontalna
tkiva, i dobro poznavanje mikroorganizama omogućava i adekvatan tretman
parodontopatije. Potpuno poznavanje mikroroganizama, njihove patogenosti,
kao i poznavanje odgovora domaćina su osnovni za razumevanje patogeneze
parodontopatije. ovo bi omogućilo i lečenje pacijenata sa parodontopatijom
na odgovarajući način.
Ključne reči: parodontopatija,
mikroorganizmi, Agreggatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis
