Vol.11, No 2, 2004 pp. 55 - 62
UC 613.632.3:612.822.014.2.08
HISTOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE ISCHIADIC
NERVE IN RATS INTOXICATED BY ORGANIC SOLVENTS
Ljiljana Blagojević1, Jelena Blagojević2,
Slobodan Dožić3, Slavko Ćušić4
1Institute of Occupational Health,
Niš, Serbia and Montenegro
2Faculty of Medicine, Florence, Italy
3KCS – Institute of Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro
4Military Medical Academy, Belgrade,
Serbia and Montenegro
Summary. The incidence of neurophysiological disorders and polyneuropathies
has been seen as a consequence of long-term occupational exposure to organic
solvents.
The aim of the study was to determine, and histologically quantify
the changes in the sciatic nerves of the rats intoxicated by inhalation
of organic solvents (toluene, xylene, n-butylacetate, acetone and white-spirit)
in the concentrations of 3,000 ppm (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, except
for week end during the period of 8 weeks).
Initial changes, indicating toxic neuropathy, i.e. axonal degeneration,
accompanied by accummulation of soft membrane neurofilaments, as well as
of mitochondria, were percieved. This finding is based on the appearance
of endoneural edema, more pronounced in the central parts of the bundle
and subperineurally (light microscopy), while individual fibres (teased
preparation) showed a focal, oval or round, tomaculum-like body myelin
swellings, with compression on axons and sporadic degeneration. Electro-microscopy
showed clear degenerative changes of myelin in the form of "tomaculous"
reduplication of myelin lamellae, sometimes multiple within the whole circumference
with compression on very atrophic axons and coagulation of organellae (neurofilaments
and neurotubules, proliferated endoplasmic reticulum), as well as with
miochondria accummulation in the Schwann cell cytoplasm in the paranodal
region.
Key words: N. ischiadicus, axonal degeneration, organic solvents,
rats
HISTOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE NERVUSA IŠIJADIKUSA
PACOVA
TROVANIH ORGANSKIM RASTVARAČIMA
Kratak sadržaj: Kao posledica dugotrajne, profesionalne, izloženosti
organskim rastvaračima uočena je pojava neurofizioloških poremećaja i polineuropatija.
Cilj rada je da se utvrde i histološki kvantifikuju promene na išijadičnim
nervima pacova inhalaciono trovanih industrijskim rastvaračima (toluen,
ksilen, n.butilacetat, aceton i vajt-špirit) u koncentraciji 3.000 ppm
(6 sati dnevno, 5 dana sa pauzom za vikend u toku 8 nedelja).
Utvrdjene su početne promene za toksičnu polineuropatiju odnosno aksonalnu
degeneraciju udruženu sa akumulacijom neurofilamenata nekih membranskih
profila i mitohondrija. Nalaz se bazira na pojavi endoneuralnog edema koji
je jače izražen u centralnim delovima snopova i subperineuralno (svetlosna
mikroskopija) a na pojedinačnim vlaknima "teased" preparaciji zapažena
su fokalna ovalna ili okruglasta zadebljanja mijelina, sa kompresijom na
aksone i mestimičnom degeneracijom.
Elektronskom mikroskopijom uočene su jasne degenerativne promene mijelina
u vidu "tomaculum like body" redupliciranja mijelinskih lamela, ponegde
multipno u celoj cirkumferenciji sa kompresijom na jako atrofične aksone,
sa zgušnjavanjem organela (neurofilamenata i neurotubula, proliferisanog
endoplazmatskog retikuluma) kao i akumulacijom mitohondrija u citoplazmi
Schwann-ovih ćelija u paranodularnoj regiji.
Ključne reči: N. išijadikus, aksonalna degeneracija, organski
rastvarači, pacovi
