Vol.7, No 1, 2000 pp. 107 -115
UC 578.084
CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
IN INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
Jovica Jovanović, Milan Jovanović, Natalija Vuković
Institute for Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, University
of Niš, Yugoslavia
Summary.The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence and characteristics
of arterial hypertension in industrial workers from the region of Niš.
The research included a sample of 1725 workers employed in eight small
plants. Analysis of work and work place conditions was done on work places
of examined workers. In accordance with demands of work places (work in
shifts, nightly work, work in norm) and presence of professional noxiousness
the population under study was divided into 14 groups. Work, personal,
familiar, social and anamnesis of disease was done of all workers. Detailed
clinical examination, antropometric measurements, examination of blood
concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and electrolytes
in serum, electrocardiography, inspection of eye bottom, neurologic examination,
stress test on ergo bicycle, Doppler echosonography of blood vessels of
low legs were done. The prevalence of arterial hypertension is higher in
the groups of workers professionally exposed to noise, to lead vapors,
in shift and nightly workers than at the workers in workplaces without
contact to professional noxiousness. Hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia
are presented statistical more in the workers exposed to professional noxiousness,
where is also, the more prevalence of arterial hypertension. The small
numbers of hypertensive workers behave to harmonize the prescribed therapy
and advice. Arterial hypertension in working population presents a significant
medical problem. Professional noxiousness (noise, lead vapors) special
demands of work (shift work, night work, work in norm) and various combinations
of them with simultaneous effects can be a contributing factors in developing
of arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia
at exposed workers.
Key words: Industrial workers, arterial hypertension,
professional noxiousness, coronary risk factors, occupational exposure
KARAKTERISTIKE ARTERIJSKE HIPERTENZIJE
U INDUSTRIJSKIH RADNIKA
Kratak sadržaj: Arterijska hiperenzija je problem od socijalnog
, medicinskog i ekonomskog značaja. Cilj ovog rada je da ispita prevalenciju
i epidemiološke karakteristike arterijske hipertenzije u grupi od 1725
industrijskih radnika na području regiona Niš. Ispitivani su radnici tekstilne,
duvanske, hemijske, metaloprerađivačke industrije, štamparije i građevinarstva.
Zavisno od noksi na radnom mestu i zahteva radnih mesta radnici su podeljeni
u 14 podgrupa.. Nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u prisustvu ostalih
faktora koji mogu uticati na pojavu arterijske hipertenzije osim faktora
profesionalne ekspozicije. Utvrđeno je da prevalencija arterijske hipertenzije
iznosi 21,2%. Radnici profesionalno izloženi buci, olovnim isparenjima,
radu u smenama, noćnom radu češće pate od arterijske hipertenzije u odnosu
na grupu radnika koji nisu izloženi ovim noksama i zahtevima radnih mesta.
Hiperholesterolemija i hipertrigliceridemija su statistički značajno češće
kod hipertenzivnih radnika izloženih buci,noćnom radu, radu u smenama i
radu u normi gde je i učestalost arterijske hipertenzije statistički značajno
veća. Mali procenat radnika sa arterijskom hipertenzijom poštuje preporuke
doktora medicine u vezi terapije i prevencije komomplikacija. Smatramo
da je arterijska hipertenzija značajan medicinski problem u industrijskoj
populaciji i da nokse na radnom mestu i zahtevi radnih mesta mogu favorizovati
češću pojavu ove bolesti.
Kjučne reči: Industrijski radnici, arterijska hipertenzija,
profesionalne nokse
