Vol.7, No 1, 2000 pp. 81 -85
UC 616.379
DRIVERS ABILITY OF DRUNK DRIVERS
Jovica Jovanović, Milan Jovanović, Natalija Vuković, Jovan Jevremović
Institute of Occupational Health, Niš, Yugoslavia
Summary. The aim of this study is analysis of health state of drunk drivers on extraordinary health examination. The study included 628 drivers let into the extraordinary health examination because of driving in a drunk state (examined group), and 189 drivers of control group let into the extraordinary health examination because of the another reason.
Psychomotor disturbances and personality traits, were most frequently found disordered in drunk drivers, found determined with psycho testing. The greatest number of these drivers has limited driving ability.  In the last five years period drivers from the examined group provoked significantly greater number of traffic accidents, then drivers from the control group. The biggest number of drivers drive in alcoholic state and provoke traffic accidents in the first year of driving, associated influence of tobacco's smoke and alcohol enlarge number of traffic accidents. Drivers from the examined group have statistically longer reaction time on acoustic and visual stimulus, comparing with drivers from the control group. It was found correlation between greater number of traffic accidents and longer reaction time. Examined group drivers, that were included in therapeutic, explorative and educational program provoke significantly less traffic accidents than drivers that didn't accept this program. We believe that consuming of alcohol present important health and traffic problem in our country. According to that control of drivers drunkenness, indicating of the extraordinary health examinations to form a judgement about their driving ability, represents primary prevention measures of the road traffic violations.
Key words: Drunk drivers, alcoholism, psychomotoric disturbances, traffic accident, drivers ability
VOZAČKA SPOSOBNOST ALKOHOLISANIH VOZAČA MOTORNIH VOZILA

Kratak sadržaj: Cilj rada je analiza zdravstvenog stanja vozača upućenih na vanredni zdravstveni pregled radi ocene vozačke sposobnosti zbog vožnje motornog vozila u alkoholisanom stanju. Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 628 vozača koje je saobraćajna milicija otkrila da voze u alkoholisanom stanju (ispitivana grupa) i 189 vozača kontrolne grupe upućenih na vanredni zdravstveni pregled iz nekog drugog razloga.
Psihološkim testiranjem kod ovih vozača su najčešće utvrđeni poremećaji psihomotorike i crta ličnosti. Najveći broj ovih vozača ima ograničenu vozačku sposobnost. Vozači koji povremeno voze u stanju alkoholisanosti su u proteklom petogodišnjem periodu izazvali statistički značajno veći broj saobraćajnih nezgoda u odnosu na vozače kontrolne grupe. Najveći broj vozača vozi u alkoholisanom stanju i izaziva saobraćajne nezgode u prvoj godini vozačkog staža. Udruženo dejstvo duvanskog dima i alkohola potencira češću pojavu saobraćajnih nezgoda. Kod vozača ispitivane grupe je utvrđeno značajno duže vreme reakcije na akustičku i vizuelnu draž u odnosu na vozače kontrolne grupe,  pri čemu je utvrđena korelacija između većeg broja saobraćajnih nezgoda i dužeg vremena reakcije. Vozači ispitivane grupe uključeni u terapijski i zdravstveno-edukativni program značajno ređe izazivaju saobraćajne nezgode u odnosu na vozače koji nisu prihvatili ovaj program. Smatramo da konzumiranje alkohola u našoj sredini predstavlja značajan zrdavstveni i saobraćajni problem i da kontrola alkoholisanosti vozača i njihovo upućivanje na vanredne zdravstvene preglede radi ocene vozačke sposobnosti predstavlja značajnu meru primarne prevencije drumskog saobraćajnog traumatizma.
Ključne reči: Alkoholisani vozači, alkoholizam, psihomotorni poremećaji, saobraćajna nezgoda, vozačka sposobnost