Vol.8, No 1, 2010 pp. 1-32
UDC 342.565.2 (497.11)
ОN SUPREMACY OF THE EXECUTIVE-ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES IN THE WESTERN COUNTRIES AND IN RUSSIA, CONCURRENTLY ESTABLISHING THE THEORY OF THE CYCLIC CREATION OF THE LEGAL ORDER
Milan Petrović
Faculty of Law, University of Niš, Serbia
E-mail: milan@prafak.ni.ac.rs
Being an extension of the author's considerations on the crisis of parliament and parliamentarism in the Western countries and in Russia, this article is an elaborate follow-up study on the process of turning the executive-administrative branch of government into the representative of the state, the process running along with the degradation of parliament as a representative body of the people. In reference to the current form of this process, the author poses a question: does this process ultimately lead to the dictatorship of the executive-administrative authorities? In that context, the author points out to the presence of some latent and manifest forms of dictatorship as a form of governance, drawing a clear distinction between dictatorship as a form of governance and dictatorship as a political regime. At this point, the author gives his own contribution to the political philosophy and legal theory in terms of introducing and defining the concepts of commissary and decemvirate (decemviri) dictatorship. On the other hand, by analyzing the process of "presidentialization" in the actual political and legal environment of the aforementioned states, the author establishes the concept of "the hexagonal crystal of political philosophy". The results of this research have also provided grounds for another significant contribution to the general theory of law. Thus, in the final part of this study, the author presents and elaborates on the theory of cyclic creation (formation) of the legal order. Apart from the descending line in the creation of the legal order, there is also the ascending line in the creation of the legal order. The discovery and presentation of the ascending line is the author's individual contributions to the theory of the cyclic creation of the law. In the closing statements, the author explains the original concept of the real legal order which is to include social solidarity as the primary legal principle. This novelty is also the author's original standpoint.
Key words:
Pleins pouvoirs, presidentialization, dictatorship, theory of cyclic creation (formation) of the legal order
O SUPREMATIJI IZVRŠNO-UPRAVNE VLASTI U ZAPADNIM ZEMLJAMA I U RUSIJI. UJEDNO UTEMELJENJE TEORIJE KRUŽNOGA (CIKLIČNOGA) STVARANJA PRAVNOGA PORETKA
Napisan kao nastavak autorovih razmatranja krize parlamenta i parlamentarizma u zapadnim zemljama i u Rusiji, rad predstavlja eksplikaciju procesa izrastanja izvršno-upravne vlasti u reprezentanta države, koji teče naporedo sa degradacijom parlamenta kao narodnog predstavništva. Imajući u vidu sadašnju formu tog procesa, autor postavlja pitanje, nije li njen završni lik diktatura izvršno-upravne vlasti? S tim u vezi, autor konstatuje postojanje latentnih i manifestih oblika diktature kao oblika vršenja vlasti, razdvajajući je pri tom od diktature kao političkoga režima. Na ovom mestu autor daje doprinos političkoj filosofiji i teoriji prava u vidu ustanovljenja i pojmovne razrade komesarske i decemvirske diktature. S druge strane, analizovanjem procesa "prezidijalizacije" u političkoj i pravnoj stvarnosti gore istaknutih država, autor ustanovljuje postojanje "heksagonskog kristala političke filosofije". Dostignuća ovoga istraživanja dala su podlogu i za jedan drugi autorov doprinos opštoj teoriji prava: teoriju kružnoga (cikličnoga) stvaranja pravnoga poretka, čije su postavke razmatrane u završnom delu ove studije. Pored nizlazne linije obrazovanja pravnoga poretka, postoji i uzlazna linija obrazovanja pravnoga poretka, i otkriće i prikazivanje te uzlazne linije predstavlja doprinos autorove teorije kružnoga (cikličnoga) stvaranja prava. Autor rad okončava objašnjenjem realnog pravnog poretka sa društvenom solidarnošću kao vrhovnim pravnim principom, što takođe predstavlja originalno autorovo stanovište.
Ključne reči:
široka ovlašćenja (pleins pouvoirs), prezidijalizacija, diktatura, teorija kružnoga (cikličnoga) stvaranja pravnoga poretka.
