Vol.4, No 1, 2006 pp. 1-14
UDC 347.99 (497.11) "18/19"
JUDICIARY IN SERBIA FROM MID 19th
TO EARLY 20th CENTURY
Dragan Nikolić
Faculty of Law, Niš
In this paper, the author mostly uses the language of the legislator to
discuss the development of the judiciary in Serbia from mid 19th to early
20th century. Such an approach has been chosen because by 1838 Constitution
Serbian judiciary had not been based on any strong constitutional or legal
framework. The organization of the judiciary was practically shaped and
developed for this first time through legislation. Without a clear distinction
between the executive and the judiciary by mid 19th century, in the thirty
years that followed, in which state, judicial, and political institutions
developed, Serbia passed the long way to reach some accepted values of
developed European countries of the time, such as independent judiciary
and permanent position of judges. Serbia entered the 20th century with
a fully developed judiciary which was based on constitutional and legal
principles identical or similar to the European countries of the time,
even though, contrary to Serbia, those countries had built their judiciaries
for a few consecutive centuries.
Key words: legal history, Serbia, legislation, courts, judges,
attorneys.
IZGRAĐIVANJE PRAVOSUĐA U SRBIJI OD SREDINE
XIX DO POČETKA XX VEKA
O izgrađivanju pravosuđa u Kneževini i Kraljevini
Srbiji od sredine XIX do početka XX veka autor u ovom članku govori pretežno
jezikom samog zakonodavca. Ovakav pristup je odabran zato što u Srbiji
sve do Ustava iz 1838. godine pravosudna organizacija nije imala jasne
ni ustavne ni zakonske okvire. Pravosudna organizacija je putem zakonodavne
delatnosti praktično prvi put iz osnova izgrađivana i oblikovana. Bez
jasno razgraničene upravne i sudske vlasti sve do sredine XIX veka, Srbija
je, za tridesetak godina potonjeg razvitka državnih, pravnih i političkih
ustanova, prešla put do standardnih vrednosti tadašnjih razvijenijih
evropskih država, put do sudske nezavisnosti i stalnosti sudijskog poziva.
U XX vek Srbija ulazi sa potpuno izgrađenom organizacijom pravosuđa koja
je počivala na istim ili sličnim ustavnim i zakonskim načelima koja
su važila u ondašnjim evropskim državama koje su, za razliku od Srbije,
svoje pravosudne sisteme kontinuirano gradile tokom nekoliko vekova
Ključne reči: istorija prava, Srbija,
zakonodavstvo, sudovi, sudije.
