Vol.1, No 7, 2003 pp. 791-814
UDC 165. 191: 316. 772
THE CONTROVERSY OVER SCIENTIFIC COGNITION
AND COMMUNICATION
The Methodological Sense of Scientific Cognition
Svetislav M. Jarić
Novi Sad
Abstact. This text deals with old, but always current problems of
scientific cognition and communication by the mediation of scientific and
common symbols.
The author's point of view is critically directed at the results of
empiric and rational scientific cognition. It is reproached to empirical
approach that it is basically incorrect because it is based on elusive
sensuality and relative illusionism. The rational direction of cognition
would be ideal in its pure form, but for many thinkers it is mediated by
experience, i.e. a rational dimension. The author has the stand point of
pure scientific rationalism and, according to his opinion, science is,
even in its simplest form, on the highest possible level of abstractedness.
It can be applied to the so-called particular-conceptual and general-conceptual,
i.e. abstract-speculative sciences. The difference is gradual, i.e. quantitative,
while their essence is the same.
The character and sense of scientific communication represent the outcome
of such a comprehension of science. The author is critical of the functional,
behavioristic, pragmatic and logical-empirical, but also dialectical theory
of meaning. He takes his own standpoint, which may be defined as the communication
of an a priori form by the mediation of objective existence of scientific
idealities.
The text as a whole is set on premises of the logical methodology of
science and the logical sense of objective existence of a scientific structure
and scientific models. The text is abstract and it can be applied to the
concept of science and its methodological sense in the widest meaning of
the world.
Key words: Scientific cognition, value of cognition, limits
of cognition, apriorism and axiomatics, scientific dialogue, spiritual
existence, sense of symbolism, linguistic symbolism, logic and language.
KONTROVERZA O NAUČNOM SAZNANJU I KOMUNIKACIJI
Metodološki smisao naučnog saznanja
Tekst obrađuje stare, ali uvek aktuelne probleme
naučnog saznanja i komunikacije posredstvom naučnih i običnih simbola.
Stanovište pisca kritički je usmereno na rezultate
empirističkog i racionalističkog naučnog saznanja. Empirizmu se zamera
da je u osnovi netačan jer je zasnovan na varljivoj čulnosti i relativnom
iluzionizmu. Racionalistički smer saznanja bio bi idealan u svojoj čistoj
formi, ali i u znatnih mislilaca on je posredovan iskustvom, tj. razumskom
dimenzijom. Pisac je na stanovištu čistog naučnog racionalizma i nauka
je, po njegovom shvatanju, i u svom najprostijem obliku u najvišem nivou
moguće apstraktnosti. To važi i za tzv. pojedinačno-pojmovne i opšte-pojmovne,
tj. apstraktno-spekulativne nauke. Razlika je graduelna, odnosno kvantitativna,
a pojmovna esencija im je istovetna.
Iz takvog shvatanja nauke proizilazi i karakter
i smisao naučne komunikacije. Pisac je kritičan prema funkcionalističkoj,
biheviorističkoj, pragmatističkoj i logičko-empirističkoj, ali i dijalektičkoj
teoriji značenja. Zauzima sopstveno stanovište koje se može označiti kao
komunikacija apriorne forme posredstvom objektivne egzistencije naučnih
idealiteta.
Tekst u celini postavljen je na premisama logičke
metodologije nauke i logičkog smisla objektivne egzistencije naučne strukture
i naučnih modela. Tekst je apstraktan i upotrebljiv na pojam nauke i metodološki
smisao njezin u najopštijem smislu.
Ključne reči: naučno saznanje, vrednost
saznanja, ograničenja saznanja, apriorizam i aksiomatika, naučni dijalog,
duhovno postojanje, smisao simbolizma, lingvistički simbolizam, logika
i jezik.
