Vol.1, No 5, 2001 pp. 581-604
UDC 341.31

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PROHIBITION OF USE OF FORCE AND THREATS
IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Momir Milojević
Faculty of Law of the University of Belgrade

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Abstract. Force and threat have been old accompanying phenomena to international relations and in the political and legal theory they were considered to originate from the sovereignty of states, that is, their limitless right to use all means to protect their interests. The only limits could be found in moral views on just and unjust wars. The more war was connected with sovereignty as a legal concept the more it became a legal institution. Originating from the right to wage war was the war law. Development of social consciousness has rasulted in gradual limiting and final abolishing of the right to wage war turning into prohibition of any force and threat in relations among states becoming a supreme norm of international law and at the same time a norm of international criminal law the violence of which entails international criminal responsibility.
Key words:  force, threat, war, prohibition of employing force, aggression, crime against peace

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ZABRANA UPOTREBE SILE I PRETNJE
U MEDJUNARODNIM ODNOSIMA Sila i pretnja su davnašnji pratioci medjunarodnih odnosa a u političkoj i pravnoj teoriji se smatralo da proističu iz suverenosti država, odnosno njihovog neograničenog prava da upotrebljavaju sva sredstva da bi zaštitile svoje interese. Jedina ograničenja su se nalazila u moralnim shvatanjima o pravednim i nepravednim ratovima. Ukoliko je rat više vezivan za suverenost kao pravni pojam utoliko je više postajao pravna ustanova. Iz prava na vodjenje rata je proisteklo ratno pravo. Razvoj društvene svesti je doveo do postepenog ograničavanja i najzad ukidanja prava na vodjenje rata koje je preraslo u zabranu svake upotrebe sile i pretnje u odonsima izmedju država koja je postala vrhovna norma medjunarodnog prava a istovremeno i norma medjunarodnog prava čije kršenje povlači medjunarodnu krivičnu odgovornost.
Ključne reči: sila, pretnja, rat, zabrana upotrebe sile, agresija, zločin protiv mira