Vol.9, No 1, 2011 pp. 47 - 52
UDC 821.111.09 Shakespeare W.
TRAUMATIZING MEMORIES AND MEMORIZING TRAUMA – HAMLET AND THE MACBETHS
Nataša Šofranac
Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, Serbia
E-mail: Natasha.sofranac@gmail.com
This paper considers how trauma led Shakespeare's characters to madness. Some memories are violently impressed upon them, some they are desperately trying to hold, while others keep re-emerging relentlessly. Hamlet is pressurized by the Ghost not to forget about the revenge and agonized by all the issues that concern that cause. The most compelling memory, of course, is what the Ghost said about the murder - Hamlet's prophetic soul remembered it from the inside. Ophelia goes mad with the memory of her murdered father, broken promises and unrequited love. Macbeth can't help recollecting what the Witches said, and the part with Banquo's offspring as a lineage of kings particularly vexing to remember. Lady Macbeth goes mad with compunction and solitude. She was not traumatized in the beginning, when Macbeth was, but when he is desensitized, she breaks down and remembers all the victims, trying to wash away their blood from her hands.
Key words: memory, trauma, psychology, madness
TRAUMATIZUJUĆA SEĆANJA I SEĆANJE NA TRAUME – HAMLET I MAKBETOVI
Ovaj rad razmatra kako su traume dovele Šekspirove junake do ludila. Neka sećanja im se nasilno utiskuju, neka oni očajnički pokušavaju da zadrže, dok se neka nemilosrdno javljaju iznova. Hamleta očev duh pritiska da ne zaboravi na osvetu, a sve što ima veze sa time stvara mu agoniju. Najupečatljivije sećanje je, svakako, ono što je Duh rekao o ubistvu – Hamletova proročka duša se toga setila iznutra. Ofelija poludi sa sećanjem na ubijenog oca, neodržana obećanja i neuzvraćenu ljubav. Makbet ne može da se odupre sećanju na reči Veštica, a onaj deo o Bankovim potomcima kao budućim kraljevima posebno ga uznemiruje. Ledi Makbet poludi uz osećanje krivice i usamljenosti. Ona nije bila istraumirana na početku, kada Makbet jeste, ali onda kada on utrne i ne oseća ništa, ona doživi slom i seća se svih žrtava, trudeći se da spere njihovu krv sa svojih ruku.
Ključne reči: sećanje, trauma, psihologija, ludilo