Vol.3, No 2, 2005 pp. 233 - 241
UDC 811.111'36
METAPHORICAL WORDING IN REPORTING
SOCIAL ISSUES - A FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
Violeta Stojičić
Faculty of Philosophy, Niš
In Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) the discussion of metaphor goes further from lexical variation in meaning. With metaphorical expressions the variation is lexicogrammatical rather than merely lexical, since rhetorical transference in most cases involves not only selection of words with changes in their meaning, but also changes in syntactic and semantic functions of clause elements. Grammatical metaphor is crucial in SFG as far as metaphorical mode of expression is concerned, and the so called incongruent (metaphorical) structures are considered noteworthy in written English. The paper discusses transitivity metaphors, but first addresses the notions of grammatical metaphor, clause and wording as explained in SFG. The evidence of metaphorical expressions is then provided through examples from English textual variety of journalese, and these are further interpreted regarding their syntactic and functional components.
Key words: grammatical metaphor, transference, clause, wording, congruent/incongruent
METAFORIČNO FORMULISANJE U OPISIVANJU
DRUŠTVENIH POJAVA – FUNKCIONALNI PRISTUP
U Sistemsko-funkcionalnoj gramatici (SFG) rasprava o metafori ide dalje od promene u značenju reči. Kod metaforičnih izraza promene su leksičko-gramatičke pre nego samo leksičke, jer preneseni smisao uglavnom ne obuhvata samo izbor reči kod kojih je došlo do promena u značenju, već i promene u gramatičkim oblicima i funkciji elemenata rečenice. Gramatička metafora je značajna u SFG što se tiče metaforičnog tipa izaražavanja, a takozvane nekongruentne (metaforične) strukture su zapažene u pisanom engleskom jeziku. Rad se bavi metaforama kojima se prikazuje ljudsko iskustvo, ali prvo razmatra pojmove gramatičke metafore, rečenice i formulisanja kako su oni opisani u SFG. Primeri metaforičnih izraza su dati iz novinskih tekstova na engleskom jeziku, koji se dalje analiziraju u pogledu njihovih semantičkih i sintaktičkih odlika.
Ključne reči: gramatička metafora, prenošenje, rečenica, formulisanje, kongruentan/ nekongruentan