Vol.1, No 5, 1997 pp. 87 - 91
UDC: 347.74+658.86/87(4)
ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND MAIN FEATURES
OF THE NEW LEX MERCATORIA
Tamara Milenković-Kerković
Faculty of Economics, University of Niš, Trg VJ 11, 18000 Niš, Yugoslavia
Abstract. The parties to a foreign trade contracts and in international
business transactions are apt to be concerned with the allocation of a
large number of risks among themselves by means of universally understood
contract terms. There are many different commercial instruments which determine
who shall bear the various transportation risks , who shall bear the risk
of failure to pay and of fluctuation on exchange rates, etc. All these
devices and rules create the great body of customary law - lex mercatoria
- which has many attributes of an autonomous legal system. Development
, universality and common understanding of lex mercatoria speak on behalf
the following features of lex mercatoria: 1. transnationality 2. standard
forms of contracts, 3. international trade usage's as a source of lex,
4. arbitration, to which are submitted trade disputes, 5. tendency of international
codification of lex mercatoria.
POREKLO, RAZVOJ I OSNOVNA OBELEŽJA NOVE
LEX
MERCATORIA-E
(MEĐUNARODNOG TRGOVINSKOG PRAVA)
Za subjekte međunarodnih poslovnih transakcija kao i za stranke u međunarodnim
trgovinskim ugovorima neophodno je izvanredno poznavanje uslova ugovoranja
a radi prevazilaženja brojnih rizika kojih je međunarodna trgovina prepuna.
Različitim trgovinskim instrumentima određuje se preuzimanje brojnih transportnih
rizika , definiše se odgovornost za neisplatu, snošenje rizika promene
valutnih kurseva itd. Svi ti instrumenti i pravila stvaraju korpus običajnog
prava - lex mercatoria - koje poseduje mnoge od atributa autonomnog pravnog
sistema. Razvoj, univerzalnost kao i opšta prihvaćenost lex mercatoria-e
stvara njena markantna obeležja: 1. transnacionalnost, 2. standardizovani
ugovori, 3. međunarodni trgovinski običaji kao izvor prava, 4. arbitražno
rešavanje sporova, 5. kodifikacija.
