Vol.1, No 4, 1997 pp. 473 - 482
UDC: 72.011.6(091)(045)

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TRICONCH - ITS ORIGIN AND PLACE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL FORMS
Nadja Kurtović-Folić
Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar revolucije 73, 11000 Beograd, Yugoslavia

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Abstract. The term triconch in architecture means the space structure composed of a central core to which three conches are attached on three sides under the right angle. The subject of research is the origin of that shape that has been present in the development of architecture since the pre-history. With defining of triconch shape and consideration of its importance, the clear idea of space organisation and relation of functions with its specific shape has been achieved. On the basis of analysis of the documentary material, definition of triconch type and discussion about its symbolic the general typology of triconch types is given. All shapes are divided into independent and complex types. The independent types differ depending on the relation of apses and the central core. The complex buildings are divided into shapes created by space connecting and those created by organic interaction. The typology of triconch shapes has shown that the interdependence of function, symbolic and space structure in forming of specific types exists. The diversity of combinations where the triconch shape is present gives to it the outstanding place within the group of central plan bulidings.

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TRIKONHOS - POREKLO I MESTO U RAZVOJU ARHITEKTONSKIH OBLIKA Termin trikonhos u arhitektonskom smislu podrazumeva prostornu strukturu sastavljenu od centralnog jezgra kome su priključene tri konhe pod međusobno pravim uglom. Predmet istraživanja je poreklo oblika koji je prisutan u razvoju arhitekture od praistorije. Definisanjem trikonhosnog oblika i razmatranjem njegovog značenja dobila se jasnija predstava o prostornoj organizaciji trikonhosa i povezanosti funkcija s njegovim specifičnim oblikom. Na osnovu analize dokumentarne građe, definicije trikonhosnog tipa i rasprave o simbolici njegovih oblika data je opšta tipologija trikonhosnih oblika. Svi oblici su podeljeni na samostalne i složene tipove. Samostalni tipovi se međusobno razlikuju na osnovu odnosa apsida prema centralnom prostoru. Složene građevine su podeljene na oblike nastale prostornim povezivanjem i na oblike nastale organskim prožimanjem. Tipologija trikonhosnih oblika pokazuje da postoji zavisnost funkcije, simbolike i prostorne strukture u formiranju određenih tipova. Raznovrsnost kombinacija u kojima učestvuje trikonhosni oblik određuje mu značajno mesto u okviru grupe građevina centralnog plana.