Vol.11, No 3, 2013 pp. 221 - 229
UDC 728.1(3)=111
DOI: 10.2298/FUACE1303221M
METHODS FOR RATIONALIZATION OF THE DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY
Aleksandra Mirić1, Goran Jovanović2#
1Institut de recherche sur l’architecture antique- IRAA, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
2Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Niš, Serbia
E-mail: #goran2@gaf.ni.ac.rs
The description of residential buildings in the past is made possible by studying the physical structure of the preserved architectural and movable archaeological finds, and also by the analysis of the written (epigraphic and numismatic) material findings, as well as the analysis of the written literary works which, through the author’s subjectivity, documented the social life. That is why the knowledge of the classical antiquity construction handbooks can only contribute to the understanding of the architecture, housing conditions, and thus facilitate the reconstruction of the ancient houses. Works about residential buildings by Columella, Vitruvius and Faventinus, three authors from different periods of the mature antiquity, are fully preserved. This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of their works, which indicate that the recommendations for determining the properties of various functional units within the residential building were similar over a longer period of time observed here.
Key words: classical antiquity, habitation, residential architecture, authors of the classical antiquity, Columella, Vitruvius, Faventinus
METODE RACIONALIZACIJE PROJEKTOVANJA STAMBENIH GRAĐEVINA ANTIKE
Deskripciju stambenih objekata prošlosti, uz proučavanje fizičke strukture- sačuvane arhitektonske i pokretne arheološke nalaze objekata, omogućava analiza materijalnih (epigrafskih i numizmatskih) pisanih nalaza, kao i pisanih književnih dela koji, kroz prizmu subjektivnosti autora, dokumentuju društveni život. Poznavanje antičkih priručnika za gradjenje zbog toga doprinosi razumevanju arhitekture, stambenih prilika, a samim tim olakšavaju i rekonstrukciju antičkih kuća. Tekstovi Kolumele, Vitruvije i Faventine, tri autora iz različitih perioda zrele antike koji su pisali o stambenim objektima, su u potpunosti sačuvani. U ovom radu predstavljeni su rezultati komparativne analize njihovih dela koji upućuju na zaključak da su preporuke za odredjivanje dispozicije različitih funkcionalnih celina unutar stambenog objekta bile slične tokom dugog vremenskog perioda koji se posmatra.
Ključne reči: antika, stanovanje, stambena arhitektura, antički autori, Kolumnela, Vitruvije, Faventin