Vol.8, No 3, 2010 pp. 329 - 343
UDC 728.1/3.(497.11)(045)=111
DOI: 10.2298/FUACE1003329K
HOUSING FOR THE NEW SOCIO-ECONOMIC ELITE – A CASE STUDY OF NOVI SAD
Milica Kostreš*, Darko Reba
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Serbia
E-mail: *milicakostres@uns.ac.rs
This paper examines the spatial dimension of economic inequalities that occurred in Serbia over the last 2 decades. The paper presents a case study of a city of Novi Sad, which has undergone radical changes both within its social and spatial structure that even today remain unparalleled in the region in terms of their nature and rate. In the 1990s, the specific political and economic conditions have led to the great transformations in demographics and the overall social structure, since the city, formerly experiencing negative population growth rates, has been rapidly populated by refugees from the wars in former Yugoslavia. At the same time, a large gap between the poor and the wealthy was created as the result of changes that marked the transition to the post-communist society. This has caused great changes of the built form that previous master plans could not anticipate. The implications of this process for housing involved the spatial segregation of diverse socio-economic groups. The paper presents 2 urban fragments where the houses for the new economic elite were built, both of which represent inadequate models. Both cases represent monotonous environments that lack spatial complexity and not encourage community binding. Therefore the paper also includes a proposal of a new concept for the housing for the inhabitants with higher-incomes.
Key words: housing, spatial segregation, economic inequality, architectural typology.
STANOVANJE ZA NOVU SOCIJALNO – EKONOMSKU ELITU STUDIJA SLUČAJA NOVI SAD
Rad se bavi istraživanjem prostorne dimenzije ekonomske nejednakosti stanovnika koja se pojavila u poslednih nekoliko decenija. U radu je analiziran Novi Sad, u čijoj urbanoj formi su se desile velike promene prostorne i socijalne prirode, što veoma utiče i na stanje u kom se grad danas nalazi. Devedesetih godina dvadesetog veka specifični ekonomski i socijalni uslovi vodili su do značajnih transformacija u socijalnom i demografskom pogledu, pošto je grad, koji je prethodno dugi niz godina imao negativan prirodni priraštaj, bio rapidno naseljen izbeglicama iz bivših republika Jugoslavije. U isto vreme, velika razlika između siromašnih i bogatih nastala je i kao posledica promena, koje su na gotovo istovetan način zahvatile i druga post-komunistička društva. Ovakav splet faktora izazvao je velike promene u urbanoj formi koje prethodni urbanistički planovi nisu mogli da predvide, a kao jedna od posledica javila se i prostorna segregacija po ekonomskom principu. U radu su prezentovana dva urbana fragmenta u kojima žive pripadnici nove socijalne elite. Oba slučaja obrazuju neadekvatne modele i monotone urbane sredine, u kojima nedostaju ambijentalni kvaliteti i elementi koji bi mogli da obezbede socijalnu integraciju. U radu je, takođe, predloženo moguće rešenje integracije socijalne elite u urbane prostore u širemcentru grada.
Ključne reči: stanovanje, socijalna segregacija, ekonomska nejednakost, arhitektonska tipologija