Vol.8, No 3, 2010 pp. 293 - 305
UDC 725.51(045)=111
DOI: 10.2298/FUACE1003293N
HOSPITAL OUTDOOR SPACES - THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Dejana Nedučin*, Milena Krklješ, Nađa Kurtović-Folić
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia
E-mail: *dejananeducin@uns.ac.rs
The awareness of positive influences of outdoor environment on patients' healing process has long been present in hospital architecture. Despite the fact that economic factors had the greatest impact on hospital design during the past century, which caused a neglect of possible restorative benefits of hospital surroundings, recently developed and integrated healthcare systems are more focused on patients' needs regarding the effects of treatments and services on their satisfaction. With the aim to reduce costs of medical therapies without sacrificing their quality, this new approach resulted in a substantial shift in planning and designing of both indoor and outdoor hospital spaces. This paper presents an analysis of various aspects that need to be taken into account while planning of hospital outdoor spaces. It proposes a list of design considerations that may contribute to achieving a healing environment with positive effects on patients' well-being and outcomes of their medical treatments, while simultaneously raising the overall hospital's efficiency. Having in mind specific organizational structure and functional flows that an institution of this type comprises, these considerations are determined, preconditioned and set up to meet strictly defined norms, regulations and criteria. The purpose of this research is to examine which elements and features and to what extent may assist in generating a supportive, inviting, secure and non-threatening atmosphere of the outdoor hospital surroundings that discharges negative reminiscences, experiences or assumptions on how unpleasant the stay in a hospital may be.
Key words: hospital outdoor space, healthcare outcomes, healing environment.
SPOLJAŠNJI PROSTORI BOLNIČKIH USTANOVA - TERAPEUTSKI UTICAJ I ASPEKTI PLANIRANJA
Svest o pozitivnom uticaju bolničkog okruženja na proces ozdravljenja kod pacijenata već dugo je prisutna u arhitekturi zdravstvenih objekata. Uprkos činjenici da su bolnice tokom prošlog veka projektovane na način koji bi obezbedio da njihov rad bude prvenstveno ekonomski isplativ, čime je značaj njihovih spoljašnjih prostora potpuno zanemaren, savremeni sistemi zdravstvene zaštite se sve više usmeravaju na zadovoljenje potreba pacijenata, sa dodatnim ciljem smanjenja troškova medicinskih terapija uz održavanje visokog nivoa kvaliteta svih usluga koje se pružaju. Ovaj nov pristup u promeni prioriteta ogleda se i u planiranju i projektovanju kako bolničkih objekata tako i njihovih otvorenih prostora. U radu je predstavljena analiza različitih arhitektonskih i urbanističkih aspekata koji mogu biti uzeti u obzir prilikom projektovanja i planiranja spoljašnjih prostora bolničkih kompleksa. Njihovim razmatranjem i primenom moguće je ostvariti psihološki podsticajnu sredinu koja može da poboljša efekte medicinskih tretmana i ubrza proces lečenja, čime se istovremeno posredno povećava i efikasnost celokupnog zdravstvenog sistema. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se ispita na koji način i u kojoj meri različiti arhitektonski i urbanistički elementi mogu da doprinesu u stvaranju kvalitetnih spoljašnjih bolničkih prostora kao terapeutskog okruženja koje ima pozitivan uticaj na zdravstvene ishode.
Ključne reči: spoljašnji prostori bolničkih ustanova, zdravstveni ishodi, terapeutsko okruženje