Vol. 5, No 1, 2007
pp. 61 - 69
UDC 72+71: 159.9(045)=111
ON LYNCH’S AND POST-LYNCHIANS THEORIES
Predrag Šiđanin
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical
Science-
Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Serbia
Abstract. The researches in the field of spatial
cognition have grown steadily since the sixties (XX century). Architects,
urban planners, geographers, anthropologists and psychologists have attempted,
from their different points of view, to characterize those attributes of
spatial environments that constitute for them a great source of experience.
These are highly multidisciplinary experiences dealing with the interaction
between humans and their environment at many levels. The task of this paper
is to give an overview of Kevin Lynch's theory of 'urban form', as set
out in the book ‘Image of the City' (1960). This book is crucial among
all the literature about the look of cities. Lynch introduced the importance
of human vision and our analysis has the task of elucidating this importance
today. It is an important study, following on from which several new theories
have been developed. More important, is the theory of cognitive perception
of the urban environment and more specifically - cognitive mapping; in
the domain between space representation and cognitive psychology. This
paper explains concepts concerning cognitive maps, and provides some comments
on them as an review of post-Lynchians theories and some related computer-based
applications.
Key words: urban environment,
cognitive psychology, spatial cognition, cognitive mapping
O LINČOVOJ I POST-LINČOVIM
TEORIJAMA
Polje istraživanja prostorne kognicije se konstantno
uvećava od šezdesetih godina prošlog veka. Arhitekti, urbani planeri,
geografi, antropolozi i psiholozi pokušavaju, sa različitih tački gledišta,
da okarakterišu atribute prostornog okruženja koji su za njih veliki
izvor iskustava. Ona su jaka multidisciplinarna iskustva koja se na mnogim
nivoima odnose na interakciju između ljudi i njihovog okruženja. Cilj
ovog teksta je da podseti na teoriju ‘urbanih formi’ Kevina Linča,
postavljenu u knjizi ‘Slika jednog grada’ (1960). Ova knjiga je svakako
najznačajnija od sve literature vezane za izgled grada. U njoj nas Linč
uvodi u važnost ljudske vizije a zadatak naše analize je da osvetli njen
uticaj danas. Knjiga je neosporno značajna studija iz koje je nekoliko
novih teorija razvijeno. Najvažnija je svakako teorija o kognitivnoj percepciji
urbanog okruženja a posebno se izvaja kognitivno mapiranje, koje pripada
domenu unutar reprezentacije prostora i kognitivne psihologije. Ovaj članak
između ostalog objašnjava koncepe kognitivnih mapa, ali i prikazuje komentare
na njih kroz pregled srodnih teorija i kompjuterskih aplikacija koje se
baziraju na Linčovoj teoriji.
